Excessive tourism in Juneau City has caused environmental and social challenges. To address these issues and promote sustainable development, we developed a multi-objective optimization model for sustainable tourism and applied it to Juneau City.
We constructed a general multi-objective optimization model with **tourist numbers** as the decision variable. The **objective function** integrates economic, environmental, and social factors, resulting in six goals. **Constraints** include carbon emissions, water resource utilization, and waste management. Further research will refine this model for application in other cities.
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**Contents**
[1 Introduction 3](#_Toc188935048)
[1.1 Background 3](#_Toc188935049)
[1.2 Restatement of the problem 3](#_Toc188935050)
[1.3 Our works 4](#_Toc188935051)
[2 Model Preparation 4](#_Toc188935052)
[2.1 Assumptions and Justifications 4](#_Toc188935053)
[2.2 Notations 5](#_Toc188935054)
[3 Juneau: A Sustainable Tourism Model 6](#_Toc188935055)
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# Introduction
## Background
Figure :Current situation map of Juneau City[1]
In 2023, Juneau, Alaska, hosted 1.6 million cruise passengers, with a daily peak of up to 20,000 visitors. While this influx brought significant economic benefits, it also caused overcrowding and accelerated glacial retreat, impacting natural attractions and potentially deterring future tourists. Additionally, excessive tourism has increased hidden costs related to infrastructure strain, environmental damage, and social challenges.
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***Assumption 2:** Ignoring the carbon footprint caused by tourists' use of transportation within the city of Juneau. * Justification: Juneau has no direct roads. Most tourists choose cruise ships or planes to reach there. In contrast, the carbon footprint generated by tourists' sightseeing within the city can be negligible.
## Notations
| Notation | Description | Unit | | --- | --- | --- | | | Direct income from tourism | USD | | | The i-th source of direct income from tourism | USD | | | Tax revenue | USD | | | Daily water consumption per tourist | L/person/day | | | Carbon footprint | t |
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# References
1. Background image source: Travel Juneau. (n.d.). *Home*. <https://www.traveljuneau.com/> 2. LSC Transportation Consultants, Inc. (2024). *Juneau visitor circulator study final report (Prepared for City and Borough of Juneau)*. <https://juneau.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Juneau-Visitor-Circulator-Study-Final-Report-2024-1.pdf>
Excessive tourism in Juneau City has caused environmental and social challenges. To address these issues and promote sustainable development, we developed a multi- objective optimization model for sustainable tourism and applied it to Juneau City.
We constructed a general multi-objective optimization model with tourist numbers as the decision variable. The objective function integrates economic, environmental, and social factors, resulting in six goals. Constraints include carbon emissions, water resource utilization, and waste management. Further research will refine this model for application in other cities.
Task 1: We extended the model by adding sales tax and hotel tax as decision variables and maximizing tax revenue with related constraints. Using literature review and linear regression, we determine the values, estimate the parameters and applied the NSGA-II algorithm to find Pareto optimal solutions. The entropy weight method
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Team#XXXXXXX
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Contents
1
Introduction ..................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Background ......................................................................................... 3 1.2 Restatement of the problem ................................................................. 3 1.3 Our works ............................................................................................ 4 2 Model Preparation ........................................................................................... 4 2.1 Assumptions and Justifications ........................................................... 4 2.2 Notations ............................................................................................. 5 3 Juneau: A Sustainable Tourism Model ............................................................ 6
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1 Introduction
1.1 Background
Figure 1:Current situation map of Juneau City[1]
In 2023, Juneau, Alaska, hosted 1.6 million cruise passengers, with a daily peak of up to 20,000 visitors. While this influx brought significant economic benefits, it also caused overcrowding and accelerated glacial retreat, impacting natural attractions and potentially deterring future tourists. Additionally, excessive tourism has increased hidden costs related to infrastructure strain, environmental damage, and social challenges.
Justification: Juneau has no direct roads. Most tourists choose cruise ships or planes to reach there. In contrast, the carbon footprint generated by tourists' sightseeing within the city can be negligible.
2.2 Notations
Notation
Description Direct income from tourism The i-th source of direct income from tourism Tax revenue Daily water consumption per tourist
